Abstract:
Background: Neonatal period is the age of child’s first 28 days from birth to 27compeleted days of life. The neonatal period represents the most vulnerable time for a child’s survival. Nearly half of under-five death globally was occurred during neonatal period. Neonatal mortality rate in Ethiopia is 29 deaths per 1000 live births in 2016. Objective: The objective of this study is to identify and summarize the common determinants of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia, in the periods of from 1 January, 2014 until 30 April, 2019. Methods: A total of six studies were included in this study, and these studies were selected based on a predefined protocol that contains clear criteria for eligibility. Major bibliographic database Pub Med-Medline, Google scholar, Cochrane, EMBASE, was used to collect study articles. Data were analyzed by narrative synthesis. Results: The most common important determinants of neonatal death identified in this review were early age of neonatal period especially in the first 24 hours, prematurity, asphyxia, and sepsis. And home delivery, lack of antenatal and postnatal care, delayed initiation of breast feeding and delay in seeking of treatment or health service (delay one)were also among the leading socio economic determinants of neonatal deaths. Conclusion; This study revealed that the determinants of neonatal mortality are largely preventable by addressing essential neonatal care and case management service around labor, delivery and the immediate postpartum period along with health education and community awareness creation.